HTTP3
QUIC 协议是一种传输层网络协议，提供与 TLS/SSL 相当的安全性，同时具有更低的连接和传输延迟。QUIC 目前主要应用于 HTTP 协议，HTTP-over-QUIC 协议即为 HTTP/3，是 HTTP 协议的第三个正式版本。
Hertz-HTTP3 基于 quic-go 实现，实现链接。
关于 Hertz 为支持 Hertz-HTTP3 在网络传输层和协议层提供的接口设计方案可参考 Hertz 支持 QUIC & HTTP/3。
安装
go get github.com/hertz-contrib/http3
注意：go 版本需大于等于 1.19。
网络层与协议层注册
网络层注册
server.New(server.WithTransport(quic.NewTransporter))
协议层注册
server.New(server.WithTransport(quic.NewTransporter))
h.AddProtocol(suite.HTTP3, factory.NewServerFactory(&http3.Option{}))
配置说明
服务端
| 配置 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| WithTransport | 设置 HTTP3 实现的网络库 quic.NewTransporter |
| WithAltTransport | 设置备用网络库 netpoll 或 go net，适用于同时在 TCP 和 QUIC 监听的场景 |
| WithALPN | 设置是否启用 ALPN |
| WithTLS | 设置 TLS 配置 |
| WithHostPorts | 设置开启服务的域名和端口号 |
示例代码
服务端
注意：QUIC 协议依赖于 TLS 协议，因此需要提供 TLS 配置。
package main
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"github.com/cloudwego/hertz/pkg/app"
"github.com/cloudwego/hertz/pkg/app/server"
"github.com/cloudwego/hertz/pkg/common/utils"
"github.com/cloudwego/hertz/pkg/network/netpoll"
"github.com/cloudwego/hertz/pkg/protocol/consts"
"github.com/cloudwego/hertz/pkg/protocol/suite"
"github.com/hertz-contrib/http3/network/quic-go"
"github.com/hertz-contrib/http3/network/quic-go/testdata"
http3 "github.com/hertz-contrib/http3/server/quic-go"
"github.com/hertz-contrib/http3/server/quic-go/factory"
)
type Test struct {
A string
B string
}
func main() {
run()
}
func run() {
h := server.New(server.WithALPN(true), server.WithTLS(testdata.GetTLSConfig()), server.WithTransport(quic.NewTransporter), server.WithAltTransport(netpoll.NewTransporter), server.WithHostPorts("127.0.0.1:8080"))
h.AddProtocol(suite.HTTP3, factory.NewServerFactory(&http3.Option{}))
h.GET("/demo/tile", func(c context.Context, ctx *app.RequestContext) {
// Small 40x40 png
ctx.Write([]byte{
0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0d,
0x49, 0x48, 0x44, 0x52, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x28, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x28,
0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xb6, 0x30, 0x2a, 0x2e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x03, 0x50, 0x4c, 0x54, 0x45, 0x5a, 0xc3, 0x5a, 0xad, 0x38, 0xaa, 0xdb,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x49, 0x44, 0x41, 0x54, 0x78, 0x01, 0x63, 0x18,
0x61, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xe2, 0xb8, 0x75, 0x22, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x49, 0x45, 0x4e, 0x44, 0xae, 0x42, 0x60, 0x82,
})
})
h.GET("/ping", func(c context.Context, ctx *app.RequestContext) {
ctx.JSON(consts.StatusOK, utils.H{"ping": "pong"})
})
h.GET("/struct", func(c context.Context, ctx *app.RequestContext) {
ctx.JSON(consts.StatusOK, &Test{
A: "aaa",
B: "bbb",
})
})
v1 := h.Group("/v1")
{
v1.GET("/hello/:name", func(c context.Context, ctx *app.RequestContext) {
fmt.Fprintf(ctx, "Hi %s, this is the response from Hertz.\n", ctx.Param("name"))
})
}
h.Spin()
}
客户端
Hertz-HTTP3 目前没有提供客户端的实现，但 服务端 示例代码的 TLS 配置直接拷贝于 quic-go，因此可以直接使用 quic-go 中的 客户端示例代码 。
package main
import (
"bufio"
"bytes"
"context"
"crypto/tls"
"crypto/x509"
"flag"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"os"
"sync"
"github.com/quic-go/quic-go"
"github.com/quic-go/quic-go/http3"
"github.com/quic-go/quic-go/internal/testdata"
"github.com/quic-go/quic-go/internal/utils"
"github.com/quic-go/quic-go/logging"
"github.com/quic-go/quic-go/qlog"
)
func main() {
verbose := flag.Bool("v", false, "verbose")
quiet := flag.Bool("q", false, "don't print the data")
keyLogFile := flag.String("keylog", "", "key log file")
insecure := flag.Bool("insecure", false, "skip certificate verification")
enableQlog := flag.Bool("qlog", false, "output a qlog (in the same directory)")
flag.Parse()
urls := flag.Args()
logger := utils.DefaultLogger
if *verbose {
logger.SetLogLevel(utils.LogLevelDebug)
} else {
logger.SetLogLevel(utils.LogLevelInfo)
}
logger.SetLogTimeFormat("")
var keyLog io.Writer
if len(*keyLogFile) > 0 {
f, err := os.Create(*keyLogFile)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer f.Close()
keyLog = f
}
pool, err := x509.SystemCertPool()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
testdata.AddRootCA(pool)
var qconf quic.Config
if *enableQlog {
qconf.Tracer = func(ctx context.Context, p logging.Perspective, connID quic.ConnectionID) logging.ConnectionTracer {
filename := fmt.Sprintf("client_%x.qlog", connID)
f, err := os.Create(filename)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("Creating qlog file %s.\n", filename)
return qlog.NewConnectionTracer(utils.NewBufferedWriteCloser(bufio.NewWriter(f), f), p, connID)
}
}
roundTripper := &http3.RoundTripper{
TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
RootCAs: pool,
InsecureSkipVerify: *insecure,
KeyLogWriter: keyLog,
},
QuicConfig: &qconf,
}
defer roundTripper.Close()
hclient := &http.Client{
Transport: roundTripper,
}
var wg sync.WaitGroup
wg.Add(len(urls))
for _, addr := range urls {
logger.Infof("GET %s", addr)
go func(addr string) {
rsp, err := hclient.Get(addr)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
logger.Infof("Got response for %s: %#v", addr, rsp)
body := &bytes.Buffer{}
_, err = io.Copy(body, rsp.Body)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if *quiet {
logger.Infof("Response Body: %d bytes", body.Len())
} else {
logger.Infof("Response Body:")
logger.Infof("%s", body.Bytes())
}
wg.Done()
}(addr)
}
wg.Wait()
}